Ingredient library
Ingredients, with their roles in plain sight.
Explore what each ingredient is intended to do, where the evidence is limited, and how a finished formula can differ from an ingredient in isolation.
Glutathione
Glutathione
The most important thing to know about glutathione is that route matters. Oral and topical are not the same conversation — and the topical evidence is thinner than the marketing suggests.
SupportingKojic Acid
Kojic Acid
Kojic acid chelates the copper that tyrosinase needs to build melanin, slowing pigment production at the source. Kojic acid cream carries the cheapest click in the entire keyword set at $0.62.
Active② Production
Niacinamide
Niacinamide
Niacinamide works at the transfer step — it reduces the movement of melanosomes from melanocytes into surrounding skin cells. Third mechanism, third intervention point. We use 4%, not the 10% common in the category.
Active③ Transfer
PDRN
Polydeoxyribonucleotide
PDRN is the fastest-emerging active we observed in this category. We are watching it. We are not betting on it.
Supporting onlyTranexamic Acid
Tranexamic Acid
Tranexamic acid works upstream, on the signal that tells a melanocyte to start producing pigment. It is the widest structural gap we measured in the category: roughly 69,500 monthly searches against 781 competing listings.
Active① Signal
Turmeric
Curcuma Longa Root Extract
We will be direct: turmeric is not the depigmenting engine in our Kojic + Turmeric line. Kojic acid is. Turmeric modulates the inflammatory signalling that triggers the mark in the first place.
Supporting① Signal